Palavras-chave
Criminal Law History
Legal Guarantees
Thematic Axes
Axiological and Teleological Analysis
Como Citar
Resumo
Purpose: To analyze the historical evolution of the Brazilian Penal Code based on a structured framework of thematic axes reflecting the normative, institutional, and value dimensions of national criminal law.
Originality/Value: This essay addresses a theoretical gap by offering a transversal and structured reading of Brazilian penal legislation, incorporating axiological and teleological foundations that are often absent in conventional historical-legal analyses.
Methods: Qualitative and exploratory research based on document analysis and critical literature review, organized around nine thematic axes and comparative examination of historical periods and criminal codes.
Results: The study reveals a progressive shift from an authoritarian and inquisitorial model to a more rights-based and constitutionally grounded system, highlighting the growing emphasis on human dignity, proportionate sentencing, and procedural guarantees.
Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that Brazilian criminal law reflects a persistent tension between repression and rights, and that a structured analysis through axes, values, and purposes enhances understanding of its normative and socio-political role.
Referências
BITENCOURT, Cezar Roberto. Tratado de direito penal: parte geral. 27. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva Educação, 2021.
CAPEZ, Fernando. Curso de direito penal: parte geral. 25. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2019.
CUNHA, Rogério Sanches; PINTO, Ronaldo Batista. Direito penal: parte geral. 27. ed. Salvador: Juspodivm, 2023.
DELMANTO, Celso et al. Código penal comentado. 8. ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 2010.
FERRAJOLI, Luigi. Direito e razão: teoria do garantismo penal. 4. ed. São Paulo: Revista dos Tribunais, 2002.
GRECO, Rogério. Curso de direito penal: parte geral. 20. ed. Niterói: Impetus, 2016.
MIRABETE, Julio Fabbrini. Manual de direito penal: parte geral. 28. ed. São Paulo: Atlas, 2012.
NUCCI, Guilherme de Souza. Código penal comentado. 20. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Forense, 2022.
PRADO, Luiz Regis. Curso de direito penal brasileiro: parte geral. 22. ed. São Paulo: Revista dos Tribunais, 2020.
ZAFFARONI, Eugenio Raúl; PIERANGELI, José Henrique. Manual de direito penal brasileiro. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Revan, 2007.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriel Marcelo